Working memory is a complex cognitive function that consists of three skills: reordering, updating, and dual processing incoming information. Clinical providers and researchers are trying to better understand which working components of working memory aren’t working in youth with ADHD, as youth with ADHD are likely to struggle academically and socially. A research study by Fosco et. al (2020) revealed that children with ADHD struggle most with reordering information, but not dual processing. In this article, we discuss which working components of working memory aren’t working in youth with ADHD.

Working memory is a multifaceted cognitive function that allows us to retain and manipulate incoming information for a short period of time. We use working memory when we have to remember a phone number, follow a conversation with a friend, and when we count money. Sometimes, people may have difficulty with one or more aspects of working memory. In this blog post, we discuss the three components of working memory. Working memory can be broken down into three main components: reordering, updating, and dual-processing.

Older People Are Less Sensitive to the Effects of Stress on Working Memory Than Younger People. Here’s Why. Much research has been conducted on the effects of acute stress on working memory in younger people, but little research has been done on how acute stress affects working memory in older people (55+). Much research on stress has focused on cortisol levels. Cortisol, a steroid hormone, is released in response to stress. Some research has shown that cortisol levels do not impact working memory in older men. However, much is unknown about how acute stress affects older women.

When a woman reaches her late 40s or 50s, a natural decline in reproductive hormones begins the cycle of menopause. After 12 months without a menstrual cycle, a woman is officially in the state of menopause. During this uncomfortable time many experience hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and even anxiety or depression. A new study from the University of Rochester Medical Center recently found that menopause can affect one’s memory. Along with ample evidence that women suffer memory decline, they uncovered four different profiles of cognitive function which helped researchers to try and understand why some women face memory decline and others do not. With the help of this research, we can understand how to treat or help with this memory loss. Miriam Weber, associate professor of Neurology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, who helped begin this study, explains how important it is to understand the cognitive changes that cause memory changes during menopause.

Sleep is one of the most important parts of everyday life. It allows the brain to take a break and recharge, as well as preserve and consolidate one’s memory and any new information learned earlier in the day. However, sleep can be interrupted, thus disrupting the brain’s ability to reorganize, process, and preserve information. One such sleep disruption that can occur is sleep apnea. 

Aphasia is a common disorder resulting from a stroke that impairs a person’s ability to produce and understand language. Speech therapists often work with a person on verbal fluency and verbal memory skills. These elements are critical cognitive functions required for language. However, many overlook the need to work on auditory processing skills with individuals with aphasia. People with aphasia may have difficulty with one or more cognitive areas, such as auditory processing. Auditory processing uses cognitive functions such as processing speed, working, verbal, and semantic memory to comprehend auditory information.